One of the first DDP Yoga positions you’re likely to encounter is Ignition Into Touchdown.

As foundational as all of the movements in the Diamond Dozen are, this one is perhaps the easiest way to start feeling dynamic resistance, which is what sets DDP Yoga apart from other yoga programs.

To understand why this move works (and every move in the Diamond Dozen, really), we need to first understand what DDP Yoga means by dynamic resistance. And to do that, we have to look at the different types of muscle contractions.

Three Types of Muscle Contractions

Muscles contract in basically three ways.

First, concentric contractions shorten the active muscle. Think of lifting a dumbbell for a bicep curl. Your bicep is shortening while under load.

The second type of muscle contraction is an eccentric contraction. This involves lengthening a muscle. To stick with the previous example, an eccentric contraction would be lowering that bicep curl as your bicep lengthens.

The third type of muscle contraction – the one we’re mostly concerned with – is an isometric contraction.

“Isometric exercises are contractions of a particular muscle or group of muscles. During isometric exercises, the muscle doesn’t noticeably change length and the affected joint doesn’t move. Isometric exercises don’t effectively build strength but can help maintain muscle strength — often in a rehabilitative setting.”

In other words, the muscles are activated in a static position. It’s like that point during a bicep curl at which you’ve stopped lifting the dumbbell, but you haven’t lowered it just yet. You are flexing without moving.

Imagine this person holding this V-sit with the ball and not moving. This is an isometric contraction.
(Air Force / Whitney Lambert)

Dr. Edward Laskowski of the Mayo Clinic goes on to say that isometric exercises can enhance stabilization or help someone who recovering from an injury or has arthritis. He also says that isometric exercises may help lower blood pressure, but to check with your doctor first.

How DDP Yoga Incorporates Dynamic Resistance

If you’ve watched the DDP Yoga DVDs, or you’ve taken a class with a certified DDP Yoga instructor, chances are you’ve heard the line, “DDP Yoga helps you burn fat standing still.”

That’s because DDP Yoga incorporates dynamic resistance, which is a more palatable way to say “isometric muscle contractions.”

In one word, it’s tension.

How To Perform Ignition

First, position your feet hip-distance apart. Slightly bend your knees. This engages your quadriceps muscles.

Next, pick your toes up, and grip them into your yoga mat (Get new Yoga Mats & Props from my affiliate link). You should feel your calves and your feet start to work.

Step onto a brand-new Gaiam Pilates Mat – Navy (Affiliate link)

Then, straighten your legs. Keep a slight bend in the knees. Imagine your feet are on ice and you’re pulling them together, but keep them apart. You should feel this inside your legs in your adductors.

The last part of engaging the lower body is to squeeze your glutes and tuck your tailbone.

Now, the whole lower half of your body is engaged, from your feet up to your butt. This is how you start to burn fat standing still. By holding these isometric contractions, your muscles have to have more blood pumped to them. And to pump more blood, your heart has to work harder. And when your heart works harder, your heart rate starts to jump, and you start to burn more calories.

Time for the upper half.

Extend your arms out in front of you with your fingers spread apart, like you’re holding a beach ball right in front of your chest. Here’s the cue: “Imagine your body is like a fire hydrant. And when the fire hydrant comes on – BOOM! Feel the water and the energy shooting out in front of you.”

At this point, your fingers should be so tense that the instructor shouldn’t be able to make any one finger touch another.

This is Ignition.

Breathe in through your nose and out through your mouth while you’re here.

(Read more about how to breathe during DDP Yoga here)

As you get more familiar with doing this move, you may hear the instructor abbreviate it to, “Flex your quads. Flex your glutes. Grab the ball.”

How To Perform Ignition Into Touchdown

From Ignition, inhale and lift your hands up toward the sky. Your fingers should be the tallest point of your body. Lengthen your back and lift as high as you can.

Then, exhale and bring your arms out to your sides. Once your hands reach shoulder level, turn your palms over and bring them down to your sides. Inhale back up into Touchdown, and exhale every time they come down.

Traditional yogis may be familiar with this pose as Mountain. (I searched several sites for this and couldn’t find a consensus on Mountain posture. For instance, I found this Mountain that didn’t seem to raise the hands toward the sky.)

What Body Parts You Work In Ignition Into Touchdown

You’re working quite a bit of body parts in this tremendous DDP Yoga posture:

1. Toes
2. Feet
3. Calves
4. Quads
5. Glutes
6. Adductors
7. Shoulders
8. Biceps
9. Triceps
10. Forearms
11. Hands

As you move from Ignition, keep the dynamic resistance as you raise up into Touchdown. When your hands come down, keep the dynamic resistance. Your legs should be engaged the whole time your upper body moves. It’s as if you’re moving through clay or water or quicksand.

Try Out Ignition Into Touchdown

That’s how it’s done. Come try it at one of my DDP Yoga classes. I teach Tuesdays at 6:30 p.m. at Titan Fitness in Washington, and on Thursdays at 6:30 p.m. at the Metamora Park District office.

You might be asking yourself why you’re reading this post about breathing.

We breathe in, we breathe out, hands up, now hands down, (back up, back up), tell me watcha gonna do now.

*Ahem*

In and out. It’s that simple, right?

Yes and no.

Breathing happens automatically.

When we’re babies, we breathe through our diaphragm. This is natural for us.

As we get older, though, we generally breathe through the chest. We forget how to do deep breathing, and that means it’s easy to forget how to breathe properly throughout our day, and especially during exercise.

In this article, I’m going to explain why breathing is the foundation of exercise and of life, and how to get the most of out of your DDP Yoga workout with proper breath.

Why Breathing Is Important

To be blunt, you need to breathe in order to live.

You can survive without water for around a week, and you can survive without food for several weeks.

You can only survive without air, however, for a few minutes. Even trained divers can only hold their breath for an average of about five minutes.

That means that breathing is the key to life.

More specifically, breathing fuels your muscles.

The Physiological Purpose Of Breathing

Breathing consists of two parts: the inhale and the exhale.

(Wikimedia/Cruithne9)

When you inhale, your trachea carries air to your lungs. Muscles in your torso raise up and outward as your lungs expand and pull air in. Finally, your diaphragm contracts and pulls downward.

This inhaled air brings oxygen into the blood, which is first delivered to the heart before being transported to the rest of your body.

When you exhale, the reverse happens. Your diaphragm relaxes and springs upward. Your lungs shrink as they push air out. Your torso muscles relax as your ribcage moves downward and forward. Your lungs shrink as they expel air through your nostrils or your lips.

The exhaled air is rich in carbon dioxide, a waste product. Too much CO2 in your body can lead to respiratory failure.

In short, inhaling fuels your body, while exhaling eliminates waste.

Why Breathing Is Significant In Yoga

The term “yoga” is Sanskrit for “union,” the integration of mind and body disciplines.

Pranayama, another Sanskrit term, is “the practice of voluntary breath control, consisting of conscious inhalation, retention, and exhalation,” according to the American Council on Exercise Personal Trainer Manual.

The nonprofit American Council on Exercise (ACE) educates, certifies, and represents more than 60,000 fitness professionals, health coaches, and other allied health professionals.

Pranayama could be coupled with a posture, or “asana,” to prepare an individual for practicing breath control and meditation. Practitioners used these asanas to acquire spiritual freedom and meditative states.

Physiologically, ACE says yogic breathing has been found to create a “mind-body” pathway between muscles and the brain, “affording direct access of muscular activity to the mechanisms of perception and cognition”.

In other words, according to ACE, breathing is an intermediary between the body and the mind.

“The fundamental purpose of breath work is to develop the ability to:

(a) sustain relaxed attention to the flow of the breath,

(b) refine and control respiratory movements, and

(c) integrate awareness and breathing to reduce stress and enhance psychological functioning”

The Medical Benefits Of Proper Breathing

In my research for this article, I found literally dozens of benefits of mind-body exercise and, specifically, yogic breathing.

For this article, I’ll look at three benefits: blood-pressure reduction, stress reduction, and increased blood flow.

Yogic Breathing Can Reduce Systolic Blood Pressure

Using a 2:1 breathing pattern, people with high blood pressure can decrease it.

From ACE:

“Adhana (2013) found that, in patients with hypertension, exhaling twice the time of inhalation caused a response similar to those patients taking one or two blood pressure medications.”

That’s a stunning finding.

Simply by altering our breathing pattern, we can cut out blood pressure medication. We can save money and prevent side effects by doing something our body does naturally for free.

ACE warns, however, that people with cardiovascular or pulmonary disease should focus on standard breath work and not progress to advanced techniques, such as rapid breathing, breath retention (pausing after inhaling), or breath suspension (pausing after exhaling). These techniques are mentioned later in this post.

Yogic Breathing Reduces Stress

In Yoga for Regular Guys, Dallas and the Yoga Doc mention another benefit of yogic breathing: it helps reduce stress.

(US Air Force/Jason M. Webb)

Long, slow breaths decrease the “fight or flight” feeling, a segment of the sympathetic nervous system that is activated by the perceived threat of danger, such as a thug or an angry dog.

Physiologically, “fight or flight” manifests as an increased heart rate, resulting in quicker breathing, as well as tense muscles and sweating. According to Harvard Health Publications:

“The carefully orchestrated yet near-instantaneous sequence of hormonal changes and physiological responses helps someone to fight the threat off or flee to safety. Unfortunately, the body can also overreact to stressors that are not life-threatening, such as traffic jams, work pressure, and family difficulties.”

The Harvard link also mentions a study in which relaxation techniques (which included yoga and deep abdominal breathing) helped wean participants off blood pressure medication, supporting the study referenced by ACE in the previous section.  

Yogic Breathing Increases Blood Flow

Dallas and the Yoga Doc say in their DDP Yoga certification manual that people get sore when they work out for the first time (or after a period of inactivity) because blood oxygen levels are low, and your body doesn’t get the oxygen it needs.

Accelerating your heart rate brings a 25% increase in blood flow through vertebral and internal carotid arteries, according to a study referenced in the DDP Yoga Level 1 manual (that I couldn’t track down in the October 2007 issue of the Journal of Applied Psychology). This means that your blood vessel diameter increases and is sustained during exercise.

The Importance of Breathing in DDP Yoga

Proper breathing during your DDP Yoga workout will help you sink deeper into your positions so that you can increase flexibility and your heart rate.

You’ll also be able to acquire mental and physical focus, endurance, balance, flexibility, and power.

“If you try to consciously fill your entire body with oxygen each time I ask you to inhale,” writes Dallas, “you will break up the tension that lives in the different corners of your body. You will get even greater benefits if you try to ‘push’ each inhalation into those tight spots.”

Breathing in this manner also increases your heart rate to get into your fat-burning zone, a topic I’ve covered previously.

Focus on each breath you take in class. It is challenging, but it is worth it.

How To Breathe

The key to breathing in DDP Yoga, and in general, is your belly.

Just like when we were babies.

This is called diaphragmatic breathing, or deep abdominal breathing.

The goal is to fill your abdomen up like it’s a balloon.

Both the DDP Yoga system and ACE recommend similar ways to achieve this goal (each with their own unique personality), and I’ll explain them both.

The DDP Yoga Way

1. Lay on your back.
2. Bend your knees.
3. Put both hands on your belly.
4. Inhale for a count of 3, expanding your belly like Santa Claus.
5. Exhale for a count of 3, pushing your belly button to the back of your spine.
6. Repeat.

If you’d like, you can use counts of 5, 10, or whatever number you like. A greater number means greater breath control.

See Dallas walk through it on video here.

The ACE Way

1. Lay on your back. Place a blanket or pillow underneath your head.
2. Place one hand on your abdomen and one hand on your chest.
3. Take 10-15 slow, deep breaths.
4. Expand your abdomen during inhalation. Pause for a few counts after you finish your inhale.
5. Contract your abdomen during exhalation. Pause for a few counts after you finish your exhale.
6. Keep your chest as still as possible.

Each method varies just a bit, but I think you’ll see the similarities.

When we do this deep breathing, we see a host of benefits (in addition to the ones listed above):

• We create space between each vertebra, which helps heal compressed spinal discs.
• We squeeze trapped blood out of our organs, eliminating waste.
• We bring fresh, oxygenated blood back to our organs.
• We fix our posture and break up scar tissue caused by slouching, sitting, or driving for extended periods.

When To Breathe

(Air Force/Margo Wright)

ACE recommends a warm-up of 3-5 minutes of quiet contemplation or meditation before low-level aerobic activity or flexibility exercise. They also recommend ending those workouts with a similar breathing cool-down.

You’ll notice a similar model in DDP Yoga. Classes typically begin and end with a breathing focus, and your certified instructor will be able to guide you through it.

Your DDP Yoga instructor is also trained on how to cue you for breathing during the workout. If he or she forgets, though, Yoga Journal has some better breathing tips that inspired this short list of how to breathe during DDP Yoga workouts:

Exhale when bending forward

• “Hulk it up!” on Diamond Cutter
• Catcher
• Cat Arch
• Down Dog
• Butterfly
• Broken Table Crunches
• Extended Side Angle
• Human Cannonball

Inhale when lifting or opening the chest

• Ignition
• Diamond Cutter
• Superstar
• Cat Lift
• Cobra
• Thunderbolt
• Road Warrior 1
• Bent-legged Bar Back (or Stiff-legged Bar Back)
• 3-legged Dog
• Broken Table
• Bridge

Exhale when twisting

• Road Warrior 2
• Twisting Lunge
• Twisting Triangle

Again, there are a number of other breathing cues throughout the DDP Yoga workouts on the DVDs and in person with your instructor, so pay attention to them.

Try It Out

As we’ve learned, breathing is essential. Breathing should be an active – not a passive – part of our everyday life.

We should look to babies as models for how to breathe so that we get full breaths each time.

Proper breathing assists you with getting a great workout, and provides a number of physiological and mental functions, as well.

On your next DDP Yoga workout, concentrate on your breathing. See how it affects your activity during your workout. 

Maybe you’ll find you get more out of it.

Interested In A Class?

I teach DDP Yoga twice a week. Come out to my class Tuesdays at 6:30 p.m. at Titan Fitness in Washington, or my class Thursdays at 6:30 p.m. at the Metamora Park District office.

The act of continuing one’s education is a topic that comes up quite frequently at my Toastmasters club.

All of us are in it because we want to keep learning and growing.

In this post, I wanted to share my experience about continuing my education and hopefully give you another option for pursuing a new professional skill set or continuing on in your academic career.

This option is credentialed, convenient, and useful.

I’m talking, of course, about a MOOC.

What Is A MOOC?

In case you’re aren’t familiar with it, MOOC is an acronym that stands for massive open online course.

As its name implies, anyone can attend a MOOC for free online. The learning content is similar to that which you’d get in a normal classroom, but it’s scaled for potentially unlimited participation.  

That’s good because the popularity of MOOCs is growing.

The MOOC aggregator Class Central says that as of the end of 2016, more than 58 million people had signed up for at least one MOOC, with the most popular subjects being Business and Management, Computer Science and Programming, and Science. Further, the MOOC industry is expected by at least one market research firm to grow to $8.5 billion by 2020.

Who’s driving this growth, anyway?

It turns out that MOOCs are largely fueled by people who want to advance their education or their career. Sixty-one percent of respondents to a 2015 Harvard Business Review study reported educational benefits, such as completing prerequisites for an academic program or getting credit toward an academic degree. Further, 72% of respondents reported career benefits, such as finding a new job or enhancing their current skills.

This is the camp I fell into.

I work in marketing, so I was interested in the Digital Marketing specialization developed by the University of Illinois. It was the most coveted certificate in 2015 on the MOOC platform Coursera.

Many MOOCs, just like the one I took, offer three main benefits.

MOOCs Possess Credentials

First, MOOCs are generally credentialed.

In fact, Digital Marketing is just one of 7 specializations that form what the University of Illinois calls its iMBA program, which they tout as first MBA made available entirely online.

The U of I is just one of hundreds of universities to partner with a MOOC service: 550 universities have released 4,200 courses across all MOOC platforms.

MOOCs Are Convenient

Now that I’ve explained how MOOCs are credentialed, I want to talk about how they’re convenient in terms of cost and timing.

One of the first questions you might have about a MOOC is the cost.

Think of the structure like Lego blocks. Each block represents a course, and each course is available for free. You could pay for Coursera to certify you in each course. Or, go the route that I did, and link each of the courses together for the specialization and pay for it that way. That earned me a 10% discount and even helped persuade my employer to pay for it. Another step you could take is to pay for applying to the University of Illinois for academic credit.

In other words, you get what you pay for with this MOOC, whether it’s just being able to access information or getting academic credit.

On top of the cost structure, the timing of the course was great.

Since it was online, I could pick it up and leave it at will as long as long as I turned in the weekly assignments by a certain day and time. This was great for me as a full-time employee and part-time fitness instructor.  

MOOCs Are Useful

MOOCs are credentialed and convenient, but perhaps the most important benefit of a MOOC is its usefulness.

In my experience, the entire specialization was worth it because of the real-world application of the skills we learned leading up to and that we applied during the capstone, as well as the frameworks and big-picture ideas that I learned from the course.

The first example of why the capstone was useful was because I thought it was the most challenging and the most realistic part of the class.

The capstone was based around solving a real problem: a leading industrial supplier looked to increase sales of one of its brands on its website by using display advertising and email marketing. For this, we had to develop a strategy for the supplier’s display ads and email by compiling market research on both brands, learn more about their target audiences, and get smarter about display ads and email marketing.

The second example of usefulness was the framework and big-picture ideas that we kept coming back to throughout the course, like Google’s Zero Moment of Truth and and McKinsey’s Consumer Decision Journey.

The entire specialization pushed us to think broadly – for example, why email marketing and display advertising would be valid methods of reaching people.

They stayed away from details like which phrases work best in email subject lines and what keywords to use for search engine optimization. There are many resources for that type of research already online, so I was glad to take a step back, so to speak.

Finally, the ultimate sign of usefulness for this MOOC is that I implemented strategies I learned from this specialization in my career. I developed a marketing plan using what I learned in this MOOC in an effort to raise brand awareness for a mobile. 

As you can see, MOOCs useful, convenient, and credentialed. These are the three qualities that make MOOCs so appealing for me.

If you are at all considering gaining new professional skills or continuing your academic career, I would urge you to check out to see whether a MOOC is the right fit for you.

This past week, news broke about a class-action lawsuit Fitbit Charge HR now faces due to inaccurate and dangerously low heart rate readouts.

The Fitbit Charge HR is the only heart rate monitor I’ve ever used. I first bought it in February of 2015 to use for DDPYoga, but also because I was curious about how many steps I was getting in a day (turns out, it’s not a lot). Back in June, I said I was underwhelmed with its performance. No matter how hard I was working, sometimes my heart rate was barely breaking 100 (and my zone is 134-154). Or, sometimes I’d be near my zone, and literally seconds later I’d be back in the 90s again.

In December, some people on the private Facebook group for DDPYoga certified instructors were asking about new heart rate monitors. DDPYoga instructor Christina Russell commented that the DDPYoga Performance Center uses the Wahoo Tickr X because it’s the most accurate they’ve tested. With some Christmas money, I bought the Tickr X.

I wanted to see how the Fitbit did compared to the Tickr X, so I put them both on at the same time. It only took me a few workouts to see that the Tickr X killed the Fitbit in direct competition.

Obviously, this isn’t a scientific comparison. But, with each workout, my heart rate was about 10 bpm higher on the Tickr X compared to the Charge HR. That number may not seem like much, but look at the difference in calories burned.

Also, my right shoulder was sore during these workouts, so I wasn’t necessarily looking to get into my target zone and stay there. Instead, I was just looking to stretch out a bit. So keep that in mind.

DDPYoga – New Year’s Eve

On New Year’s Eve, I did a lower body workout so I wouldn’t have to use my arm as much. I don’t remember which one, but I was using the DDPYoga Now app (which is pretty cool, by the way).

Martial Arts – New Year’s Day

When I was training with my karate instructor, he told me about a tradition he’d had at one point – training your whole system on New Year’s Day. I kind of did that. I warmed up with some DDPYoga stretching before doing the old Yang-style tai chi chuan form, followed by the five Hsing-i elements and the animal forms I’ve been taught thus far. After that, I reviewed my karate forms and ippons, taezus, and kihons in 2 directions. If the should would’ve been feeling better, I would have done 8. Notice the downward trend at the end, which was me trying to remember some of those wazas since I haven’t actively practiced them in eight months.

DDPYoga – Jan. 02

This was probably Stand Up 2.0. The average bpm was closest here, though there are still widely varying numbers.

After this workout, I decided to ditch the Fitbit entirely. I know I don’t get as many steps as the “gold standard” of 10,000, and I’m tired of feeling inferior to people telling me they have three times as many steps as I do for the day. I know I think I’m sleeping 7 hours, but may really only be getting 5.5 hours of sleep (as we compared Fitbit stats, a person I went on a date with was shocked at how restless I was). And I know, with pretty convincing supporting evidence, that my heart rate is better measured with the Wahoo Tickr X than the Fitbit Charge HR.

Martial arts can seem like an illusion.

Take, for instance, the competition I saw at the U.S. Open in 2007 in Orlando. A martial artist, a black belt I presumed to be in his 40s, lifted up a plank full of nails and punctured a bottle of water with it. As the water spread out on the floor, he put the plank down and stepped on it. I cringed as I watched the nails all but pierce his feet while he demolished a stack of bricks as tall as a child.

Neither act – standing on nails or breaking bricks – is as strenuous as it seems, says Dr. Jason Thalken, author of his first book, Fight Like A Physicist.

Regarding the bed of nails, he says that “any person is capable of performing this trick right now with no training.” He explains how surface area distribution prevents the nails from piercing the skin. Turning to the bricks, he says it wouldn’t work if the bricks were spaced incorrectly. He details how bricks are broken due to how they are bent.

This is just one example of how Thalken breaks through martial arts mysticism.

The meat of the book, in my view, lies in the middle. Thalken discusses the issue of how brain damage occurs from sparring and MMA fights, and even suggests that, in some cases, the more protection we think we have from head injuries (through the use of face cages, for example), the more we may actually be at risk for them.

Just because Thalken is a new author doesn’t mean he lacks knowledge. The Ph.D., holder of three bachelor’s degrees, and holder of eight patents has filed a patent for a new type of headgear to protect against brain injuries in the hopes of preventing chronic traumatic encephelopathy (CTE), also known as “punch drunk syndrome,” in martial artists and fighters. CTE is caused by repeated blows to the head, and autopsies of athletes in boxing, football, and pro wrestling have revealed evidence of CTE.

The only other book I’m aware of that discusses science at this much depth in a martial arts book comes from The Secrets of Judo, but that book doesn’t address head injuries because that’s not the purpose of judo. Activities like boxing, sparring, and MMA all include the head as a target, and even a prime target.

Despite his expertise, Thalken says “you don’t need to be an expert if you can fight like a physicist.”

Check out these videos from Thalken himself to learn more about the concepts detailed in his book.